Introduction: The study of the CARAVAN MANAGERS’ viewpoints influence effectively on the health promotion of the pilgrims for better planning in Hajj. So far, few studies are done in order to examine the health issues in Hajj. The purpose of this research is to study the CARAVAN MANAGERS’ viewpoints about the major challenges of health in Hajj.Methods: In this integrated study (qualitative & quantitative), 600 MANAGERS and 400 clergymen of the Hajj CARAVANs were studied in the Annual Conference during Hajj in Qom in 2011. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed in two quantitative parts including 10 questions in the Likert scale and 5 open questions. Also, the answers were extracted based on the checklist.Findings: The most important health challenges in view of responders were such as communicable diseases, food poisoning, pilgrims’ unfamiliarity with the proper diet plan, disregarding for the doctors and CARAVAN MANAGERS advices, improper disposal of waste in the CARAVAN, inappropriate position of toilets and failure in education during the Hajj and pilgrimage.Conclusion: The results have shown that the survey of concerns and viewpoints given by CARAVAN MANAGERS can help effectively to the planners of health services system during the Hajj and pilgrimage.

The phenomenon of climate change has occurred in recent decades as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions and a general warming of the earth. Which has led to significant changes in the meteorological elements and as a result of the status of water resources in the regions. Short term droughts, large floods, marine hurricanes. . . are among the consequences of climate change. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of climate change on the runoff of the CARAVANdr River. In this study, the CORDEX data of the REMO model was used under two RCP4. 5 and RCP8. 5 scenarios during the baseline period (1365-1384) and the upcoming timeframe (1434-1400). In this research, SDSM and Linear Scaling were used for micromachining of climatic data. The results of the SDSM model showed that there is no acceptable correlation between the CARAVANder River runoff and the 26 major climate scale parameters (NCEP). Linear scaling method was followed by high correlation between precipitation and runoff and the REMO climatic model showed good performance in simulating climatic parameters. The climate parameters were simulated for the upcoming period (1434-1400) and compared with the observation period (1365-1384). According to the results of this study, it can be said that the runoff of the whole basin has increased in both RCP4. 5 and RCP8. 5 scenarios in the future time series. The water assessment and planning (WEAP) model was used to study the effect of climate change on water allocation. The results of the WEAP model for three scenarios: increase in agricultural land, industrial progress and population growth indicate an increase in water demand in the catchment area and an increase in unprovched needs for agriculture, drinking and industry in the region.

The aim of this study was prioritization of affecting factors on Iran’s sport CARAVAN in Guangzhou 2010 Asian Games and identifying the most important factors. The population of this study includes presidents and vice presidents of selective national sport associations and experts engaged in the games. So the sample size was considered such as population which was 40 persons. The instrument used in the study was built up according to the review of literature and previous same studies. Reliability of questionnaire confirmed by the experts in this area and validity of study found (a =0.94) by Alfa chrounbakh test trough a pilot study with 25 person. Results showed that among all the factors, material resource was the most important resource by factor load (97.0) and after that there were technology, facility, financial, human recourses and the end managerial resource by factor load (0.84) was the least important resource. Finally MANAGERS and decision makers of sport events with know the success factors can invest and appropriate focus on these factors.

Background: The primary data on the patient’s status are articulated by the patient and consist of conditions that force the patient to seek treatment. Such data helps the physician effectively to make an appropriate list of differential diagnoses to establish a treatment protocol.Objectives: The objective of this study was to review the frequency of patients’ chief complaints in Hajj to plan and develop medical protocols for expected problems in Hajj.Patients and Methods: In this short-term past-oriented study, all medical files of the Hajj pilgrims were reviewed and all data regarding the diagnoses were extracted.Results: In general, medical data of 107074 cases had been registered in this software. Cough with the frequency of 24083 (22.45%) was the most frequent complaints of the patients. Respiratory tract infections diseases with 66197 persons (61.82%) were the most frequently diagnosed diseases in times of annual Hajj of 2010.Conclusions: Respiratory disease, musculoskeletal pain, headache, and digestion problems were among the most important reasons of patients' referral to physicians in times of Hajj. The mentioned complications could be prevented through correct trainings and conforming to health recommendations in times of Hajj.

Introduction: Generally, the first obtained information in patients' history consists of symptoms and problems expressed by him/her. Actually this information helps the physician to diagnose the disease effectively. This study aims to investigate the frequency of the chief complaints of the pilgrims referred to the CARAVAN physicians in order to plan and compile the treatment protocols in the Hajj.Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, all medical records of pilgrims were investigated in Hajj in 2010. The needed information on diagnosis was determined and extracted by CARAVAN physicians.Results: Totally, 133375 cases were investigated. The results showed that the respiratory diseases were the highest frequency (53.02%) and then the muscular and skeletal problems were in next order (6.08%). Muscular and skeletal pain, neurological diseases and also gastrointestinal diseases were in the next orders.Conclusion: The patients referred to the CARAVAN physicians mostly for these main reasons during the Hajj such as: the respiratory diseases, muscle and skeletal pain, headache and gastrointestinal diseases. These kinds of diseases mainly are preventable through proper training and health consideration during the Hajj period.

The proper reaction to the mass influx of asylum seekers is a great challenge of the international community. The approval of the New York Declaration for Immigrants and Refugees by a unanimous vote of 193 member States at the General Assembly (19 September 2016) and subsequently the approval of the international Pact for Refugees (December 17, 2018) would support this claim. Mass influx is not only a source of crisis for host States but it can also lead to widespread human rights violations if the host States refuse to comply with the non-refoulement obligation. The present research provides legal evidence to broaden the scope of non-refoulement from a purely contractual and an “ in-territory” obligation to a contractual and customary “ in-the-border” obligation. This would make it possible to argue that the United States has breached its conventional and customary obligations under international refugee law.

Today Olympic games is the most important worry of MANAGERS and official in sport. Therefore, the research is to study the success model of the Iranian sports CARAVAN to the Tokyo Olympics 2020 in depth procedure. Recent research has been done in the framework of qualitative approach by using Strauss & Corbin theory in data theory. Targeted sampling was carried out & participants included 17 Olympiants were interviewed. The data analysis was done by Strauss’ s instruction & Curbin coding about the successful components in Olympics with using MAXQDA12 software. 54 Codes were achieved in management axes, communication, educational, economic, motivational, political-social, demographic, cultural, motivational, geographic, ideological, political-social, talent, and the medal records. Then, the selective codes are identified as casual factors: economic factors, talent identification, political and social factors, underlying factors such as population and geographical, interventional factors that include the background of mediation, culture, strategies, including management, education, communications and contexts, including optimal performance, achieving the goals set, gaining numerous medals, ranking, winning gold and increasing the number of participants. Finally, it is suggested that the reliance on the technical associations & coaches of federations, the reliance on the technical knowledge of coaches & athletes, the efforts to increase the per capita country, increase the life expectancy of individuals, pay attention to the changing of laws, efforts to obtain additional quotas, rich culture. MANAGERS should plan short and long term programs and also monitor, cordinat and allocate sports appropriate to support Olympic project to gain significant successes in the 2020 Olympic.

Getting in Contact with the great Saints and religious Leaders, who have acted as Guides and directed men to the high position of humanity, has always been the center of Muslems' attention specially the Shiites. The relation or contact between the Imams and other people has continued since the time of the prophet Muhammad (MGSBH) up to now. This relation or contact has never been cut off or torn away even at the times when some of the immaculate Imams were in the prisons of the cruel governments.Among those visits, whether in groups or individually, there are contacts with some unigue features that make them distinct from other visits in such a way that the narrators and historians quote them in their exclusive ways or get them recorded as references.A CARAVAN from the city of Qom to travel to Samerra in Iraq was arranged for the pilgrimage of the Shrine of Imam Hassan Askari (PBUH). Those men in the CARAVAN succeeded in visiting the Imam of Time (PBUH). The trip is just a sample of what has happened throughout history for the believers to show the importance of their Raith in God's precepts. It is important because it can be introduced as an authentic document to the existence of Imam Mahdi (PBUH), his birth date and his being alive.Now the following article has tried to explain that historical events and some other things that have occurred after wards by referring to some valid sources and reliabl evidence.

Background and objective: For countries, it is very important to get the right position in the world military competitions to the extent that countries use this peaceful competition as a tool in international equations. Therefore, the current study aims to provide the basis for Iran's success in participating in the next courses by identifying the indicators that are effective on the success of military sports convoys.Methods: In terms of its objectives, the present study is of an applied research and in terms of methodology it is qualitative, and thematic analysis strategy is used. The research population included experts in the field of military sports (MANAGERS, deputies and physical education experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, coaches, supervisors and athletes who are members of the championship teams and military sports convoys of the Islamic Republic of Iran). The sampling method in this research was targeted and according to the data saturation level, 17 people from the society were interviewed.Findings: The findings of the research showed that the indicators affecting the success of the military sports CARAVAN include two comprehensive strategic and executive themes and eight organizing themes including management, financial and economic resources, research and development, equipment and facilities, human resources, support and procurement, and socio-cultural and political.Results: Many factors affect the success of sports teams and CARAVANs of the Islamic Republic of Iran in CISM competitions. Therefore, the MANAGERS, officials, planners, and custodians of military sports should pay special attention to these factors so that they can provide the ground for the success of the military sports convoy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in international arenas.

The present study was conducted with the aim of understanding the process of the influence of political authority on sports (case study: sports convoy sent to the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics in Japan). The study is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection method. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The formal and content fluency of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.87. The statistical population in the quantitative section is 270 people sent to the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics, which was calculated as 155 people based on the Morgan table and tested using the cluster sampling method. Smart pls software was used for statistical analysis. The findings of the study showed that political authority has an effect on sports, and as a result, it can be said that Iran's political authority has affected Olympic sports through the components of legitimacy, alignment, and power. In a theoretical explanation of the issue, it can be concluded that Foucault's power, Weber's traditional political authority, reflects the prevailing conditions.